NEB Grade- 11 (English) Unit-13 Career and Entrepreneurship Mahabir Pun: A Visionary Social Entrepreneur

 

Unit-13  Career and Entrepreneurship
 Mahabir Pun: A Visionary Social Entrepreneur



Mahabir Pun: A Visionary Social Entrepreneur
Main Points: 

Ø Mahabir Pun says that he could have lived in the Us as he was a good student. He could get a good job, comfortable living with his family but he decided to visit Nepal and work for the people of his village, Nangi of Myagdi district.
Ø Many people don’t  want to return after they get their education in the US because they think there is almost no jobs in Nepal. However, he wanted to work independently for the benefits of his country people.
Ø After doing lots of brainstorming, he started to run viable projects for community development. He started wireless networking project to bring the internet with association to  National Innovation Centre without ideas and money.
Ø He started to work as a volunteer in his village introducing computers and the  internet and he also connected the clinics to hospital in Pokhara and Kathmandu through internet for telemedicine. He  worked with income generating programmes like Yak farming, camping ground for the trekkers, cheese making, jam making, paper making, bee  keeping, vegetable farming, handicraft making, fish making etc.
Ø National Innovation Centre (NIC) is a  nonprofit-making organisation established on 9th December 2012 and started fundraising campaign and some research works from 2016. The main goal of the National Innovation Centre is to retain talented, innovative and creative young  and use their talents for the economic development  of Nepal specifically through research and innovation.
Ø The development countries like the US, the UK, Germany, Japan, Israel and others have become prosperous because they have always given research and innovation the topmost priority for economic development and they are investing huge amount of money for that.
Ø He suggests the youths, who are going abroad, should not forget their motherland rather they should help Nepal by bringing back innovative ideas that can help to create the economy for their country Nepal to be a prosperous nation. Furthermore, he says the youths to be innovative from their school time and suggests the federal government, state government and local government of Nepal to set aside small percentage of their  development budget for innovative centres in order to capture and utilize the innovative capitals for the economic development of Nepal.

Ways with Words…

A. Find the words from the text which mean the following. The first letter has been given.
a. making you feel physically relaxed; pleasant to wear, sit on, etc. c……….-  Comfortable
b.     having a degree from the university. g……….-  Graduated
c.  without being connected with or influenced by something or by each other.  i…………… - Independently
d. the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing something.  i……….- Innovation
e.      familiar with something, having read, seen or experienced it. a……….-  Acquainted
f.   a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks.  e……….-  Entrepreneur
g.  an opportunity or a place for somebody to express their opinions publicly or make progress in a particular area.  p……. - Platform
h.     to use something, especially for a practical purpose.  u………. – Utilize

B. The plural form of bacterium is bacteria. Irregular plural nouns are nouns that do not become plural by adding –s or
–es, as most nouns in the English language do.
 
Now, write the plural forms of the following nouns.
a.      calf – calves
b.     basis – bases
c.      sheaf – sheaves
d.     cactus - cacti / cactuses
e.      louse – lice
f.       crisis- crises
g.     person - people / persons
h.     formula- formulas / formulae
i.       ox- oxen
j.       fungus - fungi / funguses
k.     goose- geese
l.       oasis- oases
m.  analysis – analyses
n.     curriculum - curricula /curriculums
o.     appendix- appendixes / appendices

Some others are:
Species- species
City- cities
Fish- fish
Switch- switches
Studio- studios
Knife- knives
Tax- taxes
Phenomenon- phenomena
Mouse- mice
Stimulus- stimuli
Family- families
Tooth- teeth
Means- means

 

Comprehension
Answer the following questions…

a.      How did Mahabir Pun begin his lifelong journey in Nepal after coming back to Nepal from the US?
Mahabir Pun began his lifelong journey in Nepal  by deciding to stay in his home village Nangi of Myagdi district and to help villagers starting a high school as a volunteer teacher after coming back to Nepal from the US.
Hide Answer

b.     Why didn't he want to work for other companies in the US or in Nepal?

He didn’t want to work for other companies in the US or in Nepal because he  wanted to work independently and do something on his own for the benefits of human beings of his own nation.

c.      Why did he involve in innovation?

He involved in innovation to find out the solutions of the problems he found in his communities.

d.     What are the income-generating programmes that he helped to start?

The income-generating programmes that he helped to start are Yak farming, camping ground for the trekkers, cheese making, jam making, paper making, bee keeping, vegetable farming, handicraft making, fish farming etc.

e.      Whose support is Pun getting to proceed with his campaign?

Communities’ support is Pun getting to proceed with his campaign.

f.       How have the developed countries become prosperous?

The developed countries have become prosperous because they have always given priority to talented and innovative human capitals in their countries to become them enterpreneurs.

g.     How can we keep the most talented and innovative people in Nepal?

We can keep the most talented and innovative people in Nepal by managing proper environment and opportunities and financial support for their innovative works.

Critical thinking

a.      Pun says, “We do not have culture of innovation that encourages young people to be innovative and creative”. Do you agree with him? Explain.

Pun says, “We do not have culture of innovation that encourages young people to be innovative and creative”. Obviously, I  agree with his statement in the sense many  innovative youths are wondering here and  there in absence of right guidelines and supports of the nation resulting brain drain.

An innovation culture is an organizational culture that really values and supports innovation, so that people can actually make innovation happen.  The culture of innovation is therefore the framework for every innovation activity. If the culture is not positive, it can hinder innovation, even if the idea and the innovation team are still perfect. It is thus a decisive factor in the success of innovation.

Pun says that  in the country like Nepal innovative culture is lacking consequently people are not getting opportunities to make something innovative for the country people. Even no such innovative are found in our schools, colleges and universities. Our education system is traditional and still limited to papers and classrooms. Our education system does not encourage youths and students to be creative and innovative.

On the other  hand, in the development countries, youths and students are provided chances and capital supports to help them to become entrepreneurs. Furthermore, they are supported in research and many new experiments and development works.  This is why most of the educated people leave Nepal for foreign countries.

Above all, it is duties and responsibilities  of the nation and its concerned authorities to provide technical, capital, and other necessary supports to the youths and students in their innovative works to help them to become entrepreneurs but such things are found lacking in the country.

b.    What qualities does an individual need to become an entrepreneur?
An entrepreneur is an individual who creates a new business, bearing most of the risks and enjoying most of the rewards. An individual needs following specific qualities to be an entrepreneur:
1.     Self-Discipline
The first trait that all successful entrepreneurs must possess is self-discipline. Self-discipline basically means to master the inner self and inner emotions to generate a sense of responsibility of getting the job done, which fosters self-direction.
2.     Integrity
The second trait is integrity which one needs to keep with in himself or herself for  being a successful entrepreneur. Becoming an entrepreneur will be determined solely by the number of people who trust you, are willing to work for you, give you credit, lend you money, buy your products and services, and help you during difficult times.
3.     Persistence
Persistence, the third trait,  is the iron quality of a good entrepreneur. It is the most basic and essential quality of a successful entrepreneur because even good entrepreneurs experience failures and hurdles.
4.     A Clear Sense Of Direction
The fourth trait that all successful entrepreneurs must possess is a clear sense of direction. This is not for successful business owners, but also for  every part of your business.
5.     Decisive And Action Oriented
The final trait that all successful entrepreneurs must possess is being decisive and action-oriented. They must think and make decisions quickly. If they find they have made a mistake, they quickly self-correct and try something else.
Some other traits like Motivation, Persuasiveness, Vision, Risk tolerance, Flexibility, Collaboration, Passion,  Self-Confidence, Competitiveness etc  may also be required to get to key of success to be a successful entrepreneur.
 

Sample of Informal Email

      To: supriya2060@gmail.com
      Subject: New Year Wishes
Hi Supriya
How are you doing?
I hope that the new year will be the best year of your life. May all your dreams come true, all your hopes be fulfilled and have this new year as bright as your eyes, as sweet as your smile and as happy as our relations are.
Happy new year to you and your family!
May God bless you!
Thanks,
Pramila

Writing

A. Writing an informal email

Read the following email and write a reply to it.
Hi Samia,
Just a quick email to say that sounds like a great idea. Saturday is better for me because I'm meeting my parents on Sunday. So if that's still good for you, why don't you come here? Then you can see the new flat and all the work we've done on the kitchen since we moved in. We can eat at home and then go for a walk in the afternoon. It's going to be so good to catch up finally. I want to hear all about your new job!
Our address is 52 Charles Road, but it's a bit difficult to find because the house numbers are really strange here. If you turn left at the post office and keep going past the big white house on Charles Road, there's a small side street behind it with the houses 50–56 in. Don't ask me why the side street doesn't have a different name! But call me if you get lost and I'll come and get you.
Let me know if there's anything you do/don't like to eat. Really looking forward to seeing you!
See you soon!
Gregor
 (Source: https://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org)
Read the above email and answer the given questions:
A. Questions:
a.      Why is Saturday better for  Gregor?
b.     What do they plan for the afternoon?
c.      What does Gregor want to hear about Samia?
d.     Why is it a bit difficult to find the address?
e.      What can Samia do if she gets lost?
f.       Who is writing this email and to whom?
B. Find out the similar words from the above email.
a.      Online mail- E……
b.     Effortful – D……..
c.      Figures – N……..
d.     Peculiar – S………
e.      Ultimately- F………
f.       Actually – R……..
(Practice these questions yourself)

 

Reply Email

      To: gregor2060@gmail.com
      Subject: Reply Email
Hi Gregor
Thanks you for such kind invitation.
I’m glad to know that you are going to meet your parents and I had a long desire to come and stay with you, meet your parents and enjoy the time.
But friend, this wouldn’t be a suitable time at the moment as I am a little bit busy with my  books.  I am preparing for my final examinations which start next week. As such, I am sorry to say that I will visit your place after the examination will be over and enjoy the time fully with you and your family members.
I expect you are wise enough to realize this.
I look forward to seeing you soon.
Samia
 

B.  Communique (press release)
      Communique is an official statement or communication, usually to the press or public. Press release is an example of communiqué.
      Study the given press release about a telephone conversation between Honorable Mr. Pradeep Kumar Gyawali and His Excellency Mr. Michael R. Pompeo.


Government of Nepal
MINISTRY OF FORERGN AFFAIRS
Kathmandu, Nepal
Press Release
Minister for Foreign Affairs, Honorable Mr. Pradeep Kumar Gyawali, had a telephone conversation with His Excellency Mr. Michael R. Pompeo, the United States Secretary of State, this afternoon.
During the conversation, the two sides shared experiences in the fight against the COVID-19 pandemic. They also offered sympathies and condolences on the loss of human lives due to the pandemic. The Foreign Minister and the Secretary of State appreciated each other’s governments for the protection and care provided to their nationals.
The two sides discussed the importance of development partnership between the two countries, which has complemented Nepal’s efforts for socioeconomic development. Minister Gyawali appreciated the support provided by the US government to Nepal’s health sector, among others, through the projects related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Secretary of State Pompeo assured Nepal of continued US cooperation.
The two sides expressed confidence that cooperation will continue to grow in the post-COVID context with an enhanced level economic partnership.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Singh Durbar,
Kathmandu
24 June 2020
Read the above Press Release and answer the following questions:
A.   Questions:
a.      Who is the United States Secretary of the State?
b.     What do they share during the conversation?
c.      Who is Mr. Pradeep Kumar Gyawali?
d.     What did Mr. Gyawali appreciate?
e.      What is the press release about?
B. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words from the brackets.
a.      Mr. Gyawali had a telephone conversation with…….
b.     They offered ………. on the loss of human lives due to pandemic.
c.      The two sides discussed the significance of ………between the two countries.
d.     The press release was conducted on………….
e.      Ministry of Foreign Affairs is located in ……………..

Suppose you are the secretary of the National Innovation Centre (NIC), Nepal and an innovator from a foreign country had a talk with its chairperson, Mahabir Pun about bilateral cooperation. Write a press release.
                                                                                              

Government of Nepal
NATIONAL INNOVATION CENTRE (NIC)
Kathmandu, Nepal
Press Release
Secretary of the National Innovation Centre (NIC), Honorable Mr. Deepak Pandey , and Mr. Jeff Bezos, the CEO of Amazon had a online conversation with His Excellency Mr. Mahabir Pun, its Chairperson, this afternoon.
During conversation, they shared their experiences how they have been working with their business to flourish it not only in their country but also all over the world. Both Jeff Bezos and Mahabir Pun agreed to help the people living in the remote areas. Jeff Bezos appreciated the tasks and efforts of Pun  to provide internet facilities to the people of remote areas. He even agreed to help financially to Nepal and its Creative and innovative entrepreneur, Mr. Pun in the coming days.
They discussed about the bilateral cooperation for over all development of the nation. Even they agreed on the issue  of the nation and its financial and technical support as essential factors for initiating entrepreneurs in the country. Through their conversation,  they forwarded the message that every youths and creative innovators should be supported by the concerned authorities with their necessary requirements.
Both sides expressed confidence and cooperation will  be required to encourage new innovative entrepreneurs in  the country for over all development of the nation.
                                                                                             National Innovation Centre
                                                                                             Kathmandu, Nepal
                                                                                             20th  June, 2021

Grammar

Present perfect and past simple

Present Perfect Tense: Sub+ has/have+ v3+ obj
Past Tense: Sub+v2+obj

A. Notice the use of present perfect and past simple in the following text.

      I think I have had a very interesting life. I'm 73 now and I don't work anymore. I was in the army for 31 years. I retired when I was 52. I have been to so many countries that I can't remember all of them. I've been to Australia six or seven times and to South Africa three times. I have also been once to Russia but I didn't like it at all: much too cold for me!

      I've never been on television, but I've been on the radio once. It was a programme about life in the military about twenty years ago. I've met a lot of famous people: members of the royal family, famous politicians and also famous cinema and television personalities. I've never met the American President though which is a pity.

      Because I've travelled a lot, I've seen a lot of wonderful things and have also eaten and drunk some strange foods and drinks. I ate cat and rat in India and drank something called Mirto on a little island in Italy many years ago.

 










E. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
a.      I don't know where Muna is. …… (you/see) her?
    I don't know where Muna is. Have you seen her?
b.     Janak …… (not/be) very well last week.
    Janak wasn't very well last week.
c.      Last night I …… (lose) my keys. So I stayed in my friend’s home.
    Last night I lost my keys. So I stayed in my friend’s home.
d.     I …… (lose) my keys. Can you help me look for them?
    I have lost my keys. Can you help me look for them?
e.      I …… (know) Jamuna for three years. We still meet once a month.
    I have known Jamuna for three years. We still meet once a month.
f.       She …… (live) in Sikkim when she was a child.
    She lived in Sikkim when she was a child.
g.     A: What’s wrong?
    B: I …… (break) a glass.                                             
    I have broken a glass.
h.     A: When …… (you/arrive)?
    B: At 10 pm last night.
    When did you arrive ?
i.       How long …… (you/know) Sarmila for?
    How long have you known Sarmila for?
j.       This is the first time I …… (drive) a car.
    This is the first time I have driven a car.
 
 
F.    Use been or gone.
a.      I’ve never …… to Japan.
    I’ve never been to Japan.
b.     Kalpana has …… to Korea. She may come back next year.
    Kalpana has gone to Korea.
c.      A: Where’s Rachana?
      B: She has …… to the shops.
      She has gone to the shops.
d.     Harina was here earlier but I think she has …… now.
    Harina was here earlier but I think she has gone now.
e.      Have you ever …… to London?
    Have you ever been to London?


Questions for Practice: Gone or Been

a.      Where is Dad? – He’s…..to the supermarket.
b.     They have ……to the supermarket. Do you want an apple?
c.     Jane has ….to New York three times.
d.     Anna’s ….to Paris. She’ll be back on Friday.
e.      Has Simran ….to school today?
f.       Have you ever….. to Iceland?
g.     She’s …to India on holiday three times.
h.     She’s …..to Moscow. She will be back next week.
i.        She's .... to visit Susan. She'll be home tomorrow.
j.        Have you ever ..... to New York?
k.     You are late. Where have you ......?
l.        Where has Eric ......? He was here a minute ago!
m.   She was offered a new job and has ........ to London.
n.      I'm so tired. I've ...... working all day.
 


 

 

 

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